Rivista n. 38

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Storicità del controllo sociale. Un disciplinamento dalle forme ibride

di Giovanna Palermo

– L’autrice presenta un contributo in cui evidenzia la “inesorabilità sociale” delle forme di controllo, la loro origine ancestrale: nascono con gli uomini, con la naturale ricerca dell’altro,  con la disposizione generica a stabilire relazioni sociali, con quella sociabilitas  che la natura ci impone. Nel definire il controllo sociale si evidenzia il dualismo concettuale tra un significato europeo che rimanda alla verifica ed alla sorveglianza e quello anglosassone di dominio ed influenza. Vengono proposti, quindi, i passaggi fondamentali ed i profondi mutamenti che il controllo sociale ha subito: dalle società primordiali  a quella disciplinare fino ad arrivare ai giorni nostri, in cui la società è essa stessa di controllo e opera con forme di controllo “morbido”.

– The author presents a contribution in which she highlights the “social inexorability” of the forms of control, their ancestral origin: they are born with men, with the natural search for the other, with the generic disposition to establish social relations, with that sociabilitas that the nature requires us. In defining social control, the author highlights the conceptual dualism between a European meaning that refers to verification and surveillance and the Anglo-Saxon one of domination and influence. She proposes the fundamental passages and profound changes that social control has undergone: from primordial societies to disciplinary societies up to the present day, in which the society is itself a controlling society and operates with “soft” forms of control.

UNESCO: conoscenza e valorizzazione culturale

di Fabio Converti

– L’identificazione, la protezione, la tutela e la trasmissione alle generazioni future del Patrimonio culturale e naturale di tutto il mondo rientrano tra le missioni principali dell’UNESCO. Il Patrimonio rappresenta l’eredità del passato di cui noi oggi beneficiamo e che trasmettiamo alle generazioni future ed i beni che lo costituiscono appartengono a tutte le popolazioni al di là dei territori ove sono collocati. Il maggior interesse è verso il tema dell’Architettura, che è arte volta a modificare lo spazio fisico in rapporto alle necessità della società; è linguaggio fatto di materiali, caratteri stilistici e modelli costruttivi, che contrassegnano le modificazioni segnate dall’uomo al territorio, in un ambito spazio-temporale ben circoscritto. Tali modifiche, che in alcuni casi hanno mantenuto la natura ed in altri l’hanno umiliata, segnano una immensa stratificazione culturale delle civiltà che hanno caratterizzato il territorio nei secoli.

– The identification, protection, protection and transmission to future alternatives of the cultural and natural heritage of the whole world are among the main missions of UNESCO. The marriage inherited from the past that we benefit from today and that we transmit to future alternatives and to the goods that belong to it belong to all the populations beyond the territories where they are located.

The main interest is towards the theme of Architecture, which is an art aimed at changing the physical space in relation to the needs of society; it is language made of materials, stylistic features and constructive models, which mark the modifications marked by man to the territory, in a well circumscribed space-time context. These changes, which in some cases have preserved nature and in others have humiliated them, mark an immense cultural stratification of the civilizations that have characterized the territory over the centuries.

L’analisi del DNA e i nipoti di Lombroso

di Michele Lanna

Nelle aule di giustizia, il ricorso alla prova “scientifica” è divenuto oggi sempre più centrale ed assume, nei processi indiziari, la dignità di “prova regina” che determina, o comunque, condiziona profondamente l’esito del processo. La lente d’ingrandimento degli investigatori moderni, pertanto, punta sempre più su molecole microscopiche, attitudine questa che permette di venire a capo di rebus irrisolti da anni. La risoluzione di casi controversi è, dunque, affidata all’analisi del DNA, quella sorta di “carta di identità” che il killer lascia sempre sulle armi o sulla scena del delitto. Negli ultimi anni assistiamo al consolidarsi di un vero e proprio mito della prova scientifica che chiede alla scienza improbabili “certezze” e dove gli “esperti” sono diventati una sorta di sacerdoti ai quali ci si rivolge con atteggiamento fideistico e religioso. Tutto ciò, probabilmente, rappresenta il riflesso speculare delle grandi paure collettive, prima fra tutte un profondo ed indefinito senso di inadeguatezza di fronte alla complessità del contemporaneo.

In the courtrooms, the use of “scientific” evidence has become increasingly central and assumes, in investigative trials, the dignity of “queen trial” which determines, or in any case, profoundly conditions the outcome of the trial. The magnifying glass of modern investigators, therefore, increasingly focuses on micro-scopic molecules, an attitude that allows them to come to terms with puzzles that have not been solved for years. The resolution of controversial cases is therefore entrusted to DNA analysis, that sort of “identity card” that the killer always leaves on the weapons or on the crime scene. In recent years we have witnessed the consolidation of a real myth of scientific proof that asks science for unlikely “certainties” and where the “experts” have become a sort of priests to whom one turns with a faith-based and religious attitude. All this probably represents the specular reflection of the great collective fears, first of all a deep and indefinite sense of inadequacy in the face of the complexity of the contemporary.

Rivista Italiana di Conflittologia, n. 38 del 2019Scarica

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